Below you will find examples of citations for American Anthropological Association (AAA), American Psychological Association (APA), Modern Language Association (MLA), and Chicago Manual of Style documentation formats. Examples are provided for citing a book, a part of a book, and a journal article. This guide presents the format for a cited works page or bibliography, but not for endnotes, footnotes, or in-text citations. For these, and for guidelines on citing other types of materials, you may want to refer to Diana Hacker's A Pocket Manual of Style.

Books

Required elements:

Take all information from the title page and verso (the reverse or back side of the title page). You will need the author, title, publisher, and place of publication. If more than one place of publication is listed, use the first.

AAA: note the author on the separate line, hanging indent for the work. Use single-spacing.

Matthews, Anne.

1997 Bright College Years: Inside the American Campus Today. New York: Simon & Schuster.

APA: hanging indentation for the entire citation is preferred. Italicize titles. Use double-spacing.

Matthews, A. (1997). Bright college years: Inside the American campus today. New York: Simon & Schuster.

MLA: hanging indentation for the entire citation is preferred. Underline titles. Use double-spacing.

Matthews, Anne. Bright College Years: Inside the American Campus Today. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1997.

Chicago: hanging indentation for the entire citation is preferred. Italicize titles. Use single-spacing.

Matthews, Anne. Bright College Years: Inside the American Campus Today. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1997.

Part of a book

Required elements:

Generally, these formats will work for named chapters of books as well as works in anthologies. You will need all the information listed above as for books. If the work from the anthology is being republished, you may also need the date of the original publication as well as the date of the anthology.

AAA: italicize the word In and use Pp. to designate pages. As with AAA book citations, use hanging paragraph style with the author on a separate line. Use single-spacing.

Attfield, Robin.

2002 The Good of Trees. In Environmental Ethics: What Really Matters, What Really Works. David Schmidtz and Elizabeth Willott, eds. Pp. 58-71. New York: Oxford University Press.

APA: use italics for the title of the book, but not the title of the book part. Use hanging indentation for each entry, even though this example cannot show it. Use double-spacing.

Attfield, R. (2002). The good of trees. In D. Schmidtz and E. Willott (Eds.). Environmental ethics: What really matters, what really works (pp. 58-71). New York: Oxford University Press.

MLA: use quotation marks for the title of the part, underlining for the title of the book. Notice the use of Ed. with the editors' names, and that the page numbers are given without an abbreviation for "pages." This would be presented using a hanging indentation if possible. Use double-spacing.

Attfield, Robin. "The Good of Trees." Environmental Ethics: What Really Matters, What Really Works. Ed. David Schmidtz and Elizabeth Willott. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002. 58-71.

Chicago: use quotation marks for the title of the part, and italics for the title of the book. Hanging indentation for the entire citation is preferred. Use single-spacing.

Attfield, Robin. "The Good of Trees." In Environmental Ethics: What Really Matters, What Really Works, edited by David Schmidtz and Elizabeth Willott, 58-71. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002.

Journal article

Required elements:

Take all information from the article and if needed from the cover or table of contents for the journal. You will need the author and title of the article, title of the journal, volume number, page numbers, and in some cases, issue number and date.

AAA: with continuously paginated volumes use volume number and page numbers only. As with AAA book citations, use hanging paragraph style with the author on a separate line. Use single-spacing.

Hensley, Randy Burke.

2004 Curiosity and Creativity as Attributes of Information Literacy. Reference & User Services Quarterly 44:31-36.

APA: use italics for the title of the journal, but not the title of the article. With continuously paginated volumes use volume number and page numbers only. Use hanging indentation for each entry, even though this example cannot show it. Use double-spacing.

Hensley, R. B. (2004). Curiosity and creativity as attributes of information literacy. Reference & User Services Quarterly, 44, 31-36.

MLA: use quotation marks for the title of the article, underlining for the title of the journal. With continuously paginated volumes use volume number and page numbers only. This would be presented using a hanging indentation if possible. Use double-spacing.

Hensley, Randy Burke. "Curiosity and Creativity as Attributes of Information Literacy." Reference & User Services Quarterly 44 (2004): 31-36.

Chicago: use quotation marks for the title of the article, and italics for the title of the journal. With continuously paginated volumes use volume number and page numbers only. Hanging indentation for the entire citation is preferred. Use single-spacing.

Hensley, Randy Burke. "Curiosity and Creativity as Attributes of Information Literacy." Reference & User Services Quarterly 44 (2004): 331-36.